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Overfeeding Signs & Prevention

While rare (especially in breastfed babies), overfeeding can happen. Signs: spitting up large amounts frequently, rapid weight gain (crossing multiple percentile lines upward), hard belly, excessive gas, discomfort during feeding.

Bottle-fed babies at higher risk (parents may encourage finishing bottle). Breastfed babies typically self-regulate well.

Babies know when they're full - watch for fullness cues.

What to Do

  • Watch for fullness cues: turning head away, closing mouth, falling asleep, pushing bottle away
  • Stop feeding when baby shows fullness signs - don't force them to finish bottle
  • Use paced bottle feeding - hold bottle horizontal, let baby control flow
  • For breastfeeding, let baby decide when to stop (they'll pull off or fall asleep)
  • Avoid using bottle as pacifier - offer pacifier separately if needed for comfort
  • Track weight gain at regular checkups - doctor will alert you if too rapid
  • Feed on demand, not on schedule, but recognize hunger vs. other needs (comfort, boredom)

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Nipple flow rate affects how fast milk comes out. Wrong flow causes problems: Too slow = frustration, long feeds, giving up. Too fast = choking, gulping, gas, overfeeding, bottle preference over breast. Flow levels: Preemie/newborn (slowest), Level 1 (slow, 0-3 months), Level 2 (medium, 3-6 months), Level 3+ (fast, 6+ months). Breastfed babies should usually stay on slow flow longer. Nipple shape also matters: Standard, wide-base (like breast), orthodontic, angled. May need to try different brands to find what baby prefers.

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Bottle Refusal

Baby won't take bottle even when hungry. Common when breastfed baby needs to take bottle (return to work). Also happens during teething, illness, or developmental leaps. Tips: Have someone else give bottle (baby may refuse if they smell milk on you), try different nipples/bottles, try when baby is calm (not starving), try different positions, don't force it.

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Breast Engorgement & Mastitis

Engorgement: Breasts become overly full, hard, painful, and swollen (usually days 2-5 postpartum when milk comes in). Makes latching difficult for baby. Normal engorgement resolves in 24-48 hours with frequent feeding. Mastitis: Breast infection, often starts with clogged duct. Symptoms: Red, hot, painful wedge-shaped area on breast, fever >101°F, flu-like aches, chills. Requires antibiotics. Mastitis is urgent - untreated can lead to abscess. Usually affects one breast, most common in first 3 months of breastfeeding.

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