Skin & Hygiene
Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Eczema is chronic skin condition causing dry, itchy, red patches. Usually appears on cheeks, scalp, arms, and legs. Often begins 2-6 months old.
Causes: genetic (runs in families), sensitive skin barrier, immune system response, environmental triggers (irritants, allergens, dry air).
Symptoms: dry scaly patches, redness, itching, thickened skin, small bumps, weeping/crusting in severe cases.
Not contagious. Often improves with age but may be lifelong condition requiring management.
What to Do
- Moisturize frequently - 2-3 times daily with thick fragrance-free cream (Cetaphil, Aquaphor, CeraVe)
- Apply moisturizer immediately after bath while skin still damp
- Give lukewarm (not hot) baths 5-10 minutes, 2-3 times per week (not daily)
- Use fragrance-free, gentle cleanser (or just water for young babies)
- Avoid triggers: harsh soaps, fragranced products, wool clothing, overheating
- Dress in soft breathable cotton, avoid wool and synthetic materials
- Keep fingernails short to prevent scratching damage
- Use fragrance-free laundry detergent and skip fabric softener
- Run cool-mist humidifier in baby's room, especially in winter
- Doctor may prescribe hydrocortisone cream for flare-ups (use as directed only)
When to call a doctor
Call doctor if eczema is severe, spreads rapidly, shows signs of infection (oozing pus, yellow crusts, fever), or interferes with sleep due to intense itching.